Everything about Landskrona totally explained
» This article is about the Swedish city Landskrona. For the Czech city Landskron, see Landskron.
Landskrona is a
city (pop. 28,670 in 2005) in
Scania, southernmost
Sweden. It is the seat of
Landskrona Municipality,
Skåne County.
History
The city Landskrona was founded at the location of
Scania's best natural harbour, as a means of King
Eric of Pomerania's anti-
Hanseatic policy, intended to compete with
Danish towns under Hanseatic control. A
Carmelite monastery was founded in
1410, English merchants were granted the privileges in a royal charter in
1412, and the town itself was chartered in
1413. Landskrona was burned by the Hanseatic League in
1428.
The town supported the deposed king
Christian II of Denmark (
1525), and opposed the
Reformation in Denmark (
1535), and in both cases found itself among the defeated. The Reformist King
Christian III of Denmark abstained however from retaliation, and instead founded a
castle to protect the harbour. The castle, built where the monastery had been situated until the Reformation, was completed by
1560.
Around
1591 (the date is unclear)
Gassendi reports in his biography of
Tycho Brahe that Tycho's pet
moose died in Landskrona Castle. The moose, apparently, got drunk on beer and fell down the stairs of the castle, breaking his leg and dying shortly thereafter.
When
Scania had been ceded to Sweden in
1658, the good harbour and the strong fort were reasons for plans to make Landskrona a commercial center of the acquired territory with extraordinary privileges for foreign trade. The castle was reinforced by
bastions, the area inside the
moats extended to 400x400 meters, the castle was considered the strongest and most modern in
Scandinavia, but was temporarily lost to the Danes after a comparably short siege
July 8-
August 2 1676. The commandant Colonel Hieronymus Lindeberg was consequently sentenced to death for high treason.
Any further plans for Landskrona were however not realized, for various reasons. The continued Swedish-Danish wars favoured
Karlskrona, located at a safer distance from Denmark, replacing Landskrona as a naval base, the fortifications were discontinued, and
Malmö remained the most important commercial town - despite Malmö lacking a harbour until the late
18th century. The fortifications at Landskrona were expanded considerably between
1747 and
1788, but were condemned in
1822, whereafter the garrison was abolished in
1869. The walls and moats of the fortifications are today a beautiful recreational area, commonly known as the
Landskrona Citadel.
Transport
Since January
2001 Landskrona has a new railway station on the main line between
Malmö and
Gothenburg along the Swedish west coast. The connection between the new station and the city centre, "The Station Shuttle", is operated with
trolleybuses from 27 August
2003. Landskrona is now the only city in Sweden operating trolleybuses.
See also
Further Information
Get more info on 'Landskrona'.
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